by donkey on Mon May 19, 2008 12:25 pm
I speak only about arts...
Ivy League/Oxbridge:
Getting into an Ivy League school is very difficult. This is because of the sheer number of domestic US and international applicants, and because of the funding situation. If you get into an American school for a PhD, you'll get funding to go with your place. Expect to apply to lots of different US schools (10 or so), and to pay application fees to each. You'll also have to sit the GRE, a standardised test, which plays a large part in the admission process (UK applicants generally don't give nearly enough time to this, and don't appreciate how important it is). I think you can probably still only do this in London, at set dates throughout the year.
Oxbridge isn't nearly so difficult to get into. A decent 1st, some good references, and a well-informed research proposal, will generally secure you a place. Places don't come with funding, though, and it can be (oddly) more difficult to secure funding for Oxbridge than anywhere else. This is because of the departmental ranking system, together with the fact that there are so many well qualified candidates. It's worth noting that St A usually sends a handful of graduates off to Oxbridge each year.
Masters Degrees:
The AHRC do offer full (ie fees + stipend) masters funding, for those who can show that they are intending to do a PhD afterwards. As with PhD funding, you can only apply for funding for one course. You'll have to apply for PhD funding separately, the next year. The ESRC also offer masters funding, though this is tied to PhD funding.
Separate funding:
Universities generally offer a few full scholarships and a few more fees scholarships. Oxbridge colleges also offer these, and Oxbridge has a few University awards to (see the Pirie-Reid Scholarship, for instance). Generally, these are on the basis that you apply for AHRC funding, and you'll receive them if you don't get this. They're quite competitive.
Totally external funding (ie charitable trusts etc) is also available, though is very rare.
Hope this helps...